Mitochondria and Brain Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Pathological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities

Mitochondria play a vital role in maintaining cellular energy homeostasis, regulating apoptosis, and controlling redox signaling. Dysfunction of mitochondria has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various brain diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, stroke, and psychiatric illnesses. T...

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Authors: Clemente Suárez, Vicente Javier; Redondo Flórez, Laura; Beltrán Velasco, Ana Isabel; Ramos Campo, Domingo Jesús; Belinchón de Miguel, Pedro; Martínez Guardado, Ismael; Dalamitros, Athanasios A.; Yáñez Sepúlveda, Rodrigo; Martín Rodríguez, Alexandra; Tornero Aguilera, José Francisco
Format: Article
Publication date:2023
Country:España
Institution:Universidad Europea (UEM)
Repository:ABACUS. Repositorio de Producción Científica
Language:English
OAI Identifier:oai:abacus.universidadeuropea.com:11268/12344
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/11268/12344
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Mitocondrias
Enfermedades neurodegenerativas
Análisis mutacional de ADN
Enfermedad del sistema nervioso
Investigación sobre el cerebro
Genética humana
Summary:Mitochondria play a vital role in maintaining cellular energy homeostasis, regulating apoptosis, and controlling redox signaling. Dysfunction of mitochondria has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various brain diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, stroke, and psychiatric illnesses. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the intricate relationship between mitochondria and brain disease, focusing on the underlying pathological mechanisms and exploring potential therapeutic opportunities. The review covers key topics such as mitochondrial DNA mutations, impaired oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dynamics, calcium dysregulation, and reactive oxygen species generation in the context of brain disease. Additionally, it discusses emerging strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction, including mitochondrial protective agents, metabolic modulators, and gene therapy approaches. By critically analysing the existing literature and recent advancements, this review aims to enhance our understanding of the multifaceted role of mitochondria in brain disease and shed light on novel therapeutic interventions.

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