The identification of a key gene highlights macrocyclic ring’s role in trichothecene toxicity
[EN] Trichothecenes are toxins produced by certain species from several fungal genera, including Aspergillus, Fusarium, Isaria, Paramyrothecium, Stachybotrys, Trichoderma, and Trichothecium. These toxins are of interest because they contribute to the toxigenicity, plant pathogenicity, and/or biologi...
| Autores: | ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; |
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| Tipo de documento: | Artículo |
| Estado: | Published version |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2024 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universidad de León |
| Repositorio: | BULERIA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de León |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:buleria.unileon.es:10612/23118 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00253-024-13297-x https://hdl.handle.net/10612/23118 |
| Nivel de acceso: | Acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Biotecnología Paramyrothecium roridum Gene deletion Macrocyclic trichothecenes Trichothecene toxicity Trichoverrins 2414 Microbiología 2414.06 Hongos 2415.01 Biología Molecular de Microorganismos 3108.02 Control Biológico de Enfermedades |
| _version_ | 1878739344355753984 |
|---|---|
| author | McCormick, Susan P. |
| author2 | Cardoza, Rosa E. Martínez-Reyes, Natalia Vermillion, Karl Busman, Mark Rodríguez-González, Álvaro Casquero, Pedro A. Proctor, Robert H. Gutiérrez , Santiago 1965- |
| author2_role | author author author author author author author author |
| author_browse | Busman, Mark Cardoza, Rosa E. Casquero, Pedro A. Gutiérrez , Santiago 1965- Martínez-Reyes, Natalia McCormick, Susan P. Proctor, Robert H. Rodríguez-González, Álvaro Vermillion, Karl |
| author_facet | McCormick, Susan P. Cardoza, Rosa E. Martínez-Reyes, Natalia Vermillion, Karl Busman, Mark Rodríguez-González, Álvaro Casquero, Pedro A. Proctor, Robert H. Gutiérrez , Santiago 1965- |
| author_role | author |
| collection | BULERIA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de León |
| description | [EN] Trichothecenes are toxins produced by certain species from several fungal genera, including Aspergillus, Fusarium, Isaria, Paramyrothecium, Stachybotrys, Trichoderma, and Trichothecium. These toxins are of interest because they contribute to the toxigenicity, plant pathogenicity, and/or biological control activities of some fungi. All trichothecenes have the same core (12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-ene or EPT) structure but can differ from one another by the presence or absence of a macrocyclic ring formed from polyketide and isoprenoid substituents esterified to carbon atoms 4 and 15 of EPT, respectively. Genes required for formation and some modifications of EPT have been elucidated, but almost nothing is known about genes specific to the formation of the macrocyclic ring. Therefore, we used genomic, transcriptomic, metabolomic, and gene deletion analyses to identify genes that are required specifically for the formation of the macrocyclic ring. These analyses identified one gene, TRI24, that is predicted to encode an acyltransferase and that is required for macrocyclic ring formation during biosynthesis of macrocyclic trichothecenes by the fungus Paramyrothecium roridum. In addition, a TRI24 deletion mutant of P. roridum caused less severe disease symptoms on common bean and had less antifungal activity than its wild-type progenitor strain. We propose that the reduced aggressiveness and antifungal activity of the mutant resulted from its inability to produce trichothecenes with a macrocyclic ring. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a gene required specifically for the formation of the macrocyclic ring of trichothecenes and that loss of the macrocyclic ring of trichothecenes can alter the biological activities of a fungus. KEY POINTS: • TRI24 gene is found in all known macrocyclic trichothecene-producing fungi. • A tri24-deletion mutant exhibits a reduction in antifungal and plant disease activities. • TRI24 is the first described gene specific to macrocyclic trichothecene biosynthesis. |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | article |
| id | ES_bfba4b67bbb035fb6cbcae94f3d3efb8 |
| institution | Universidad de León |
| instname_str | Universidad de León |
| network_acronym_str | ES |
| network_name_str | España |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:buleria.unileon.es:10612/23118 |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | Springer Link |
| publisherStr | Springer Link |
| reponame_str | BULERIA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de León |
| spelling | The identification of a key gene highlights macrocyclic ring’s role in trichothecene toxicity La identificación de un gen clave destaca el papel del anillo macrocíclico en la toxicidad del tricoteceno McCormick, Susan P. Cardoza, Rosa E. Martínez-Reyes, Natalia Vermillion, Karl Busman, Mark Rodríguez-González, Álvaro Casquero, Pedro A. Proctor, Robert H. Gutiérrez , Santiago 1965- Biotecnología Paramyrothecium roridum Gene deletion Macrocyclic trichothecenes Trichothecene toxicity Trichoverrins 2414 Microbiología 2414.06 Hongos 2415.01 Biología Molecular de Microorganismos 3108.02 Control Biológico de Enfermedades [EN] Trichothecenes are toxins produced by certain species from several fungal genera, including Aspergillus, Fusarium, Isaria, Paramyrothecium, Stachybotrys, Trichoderma, and Trichothecium. These toxins are of interest because they contribute to the toxigenicity, plant pathogenicity, and/or biological control activities of some fungi. All trichothecenes have the same core (12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-ene or EPT) structure but can differ from one another by the presence or absence of a macrocyclic ring formed from polyketide and isoprenoid substituents esterified to carbon atoms 4 and 15 of EPT, respectively. Genes required for formation and some modifications of EPT have been elucidated, but almost nothing is known about genes specific to the formation of the macrocyclic ring. Therefore, we used genomic, transcriptomic, metabolomic, and gene deletion analyses to identify genes that are required specifically for the formation of the macrocyclic ring. These analyses identified one gene, TRI24, that is predicted to encode an acyltransferase and that is required for macrocyclic ring formation during biosynthesis of macrocyclic trichothecenes by the fungus Paramyrothecium roridum. In addition, a TRI24 deletion mutant of P. roridum caused less severe disease symptoms on common bean and had less antifungal activity than its wild-type progenitor strain. We propose that the reduced aggressiveness and antifungal activity of the mutant resulted from its inability to produce trichothecenes with a macrocyclic ring. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a gene required specifically for the formation of the macrocyclic ring of trichothecenes and that loss of the macrocyclic ring of trichothecenes can alter the biological activities of a fungus. KEY POINTS: • TRI24 gene is found in all known macrocyclic trichothecene-producing fungi. • A tri24-deletion mutant exhibits a reduction in antifungal and plant disease activities. • TRI24 is the first described gene specific to macrocyclic trichothecene biosynthesis. SI Springer Link https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00253-024-13297-x https://hdl.handle.net/10612/23118 |
| spellingShingle | The identification of a key gene highlights macrocyclic ring’s role in trichothecene toxicity McCormick, Susan P. Biotecnología Paramyrothecium roridum Gene deletion Macrocyclic trichothecenes Trichothecene toxicity Trichoverrins 2414 Microbiología 2414.06 Hongos 2415.01 Biología Molecular de Microorganismos 3108.02 Control Biológico de Enfermedades |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | The identification of a key gene highlights macrocyclic ring’s role in trichothecene toxicity |
| title_full | The identification of a key gene highlights macrocyclic ring’s role in trichothecene toxicity |
| title_fullStr | The identification of a key gene highlights macrocyclic ring’s role in trichothecene toxicity |
| title_full_unstemmed | The identification of a key gene highlights macrocyclic ring’s role in trichothecene toxicity |
| title_short | The identification of a key gene highlights macrocyclic ring’s role in trichothecene toxicity |
| title_sort | The identification of a key gene highlights macrocyclic ring’s role in trichothecene toxicity |
| topic | Biotecnología Paramyrothecium roridum Gene deletion Macrocyclic trichothecenes Trichothecene toxicity Trichoverrins 2414 Microbiología 2414.06 Hongos 2415.01 Biología Molecular de Microorganismos 3108.02 Control Biológico de Enfermedades |
| topic_facet | Biotecnología Paramyrothecium roridum Gene deletion Macrocyclic trichothecenes Trichothecene toxicity Trichoverrins 2414 Microbiología 2414.06 Hongos 2415.01 Biología Molecular de Microorganismos 3108.02 Control Biológico de Enfermedades |
| url | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00253-024-13297-x https://hdl.handle.net/10612/23118 |