The gender gap in higher STEM studies: A systematic literature review
[EN] The development of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) requires more qualified professionals in these fields. However, gender segregation in higher education in this sector is creating a gender gap that means that for some disciplines female representation does not even rea...
| Authors: | ; ; |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Status: | Published version |
| Publication date: | 2022 |
| Country: | España |
| Institution: | Universidad de Salamanca (USAL) |
| Repository: | GREDOS. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Salamanca |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:gredos.usal.es:10366/162249 |
| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10366/162249 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.HELIYON.2022.E10300 |
| Access Level: | Open access |
| Keyword: | Gender gap STEM Gender Stereotypes Diversity Higher education 5312.04 Educación |
| _version_ | 1878737469274324992 |
|---|---|
| author | Verdugo-Castro, Sonia |
| author2 | García-Holgado, Alicia Sánchez-Gómez, María Cruz |
| author2_role | author author |
| author_browse | García-Holgado, Alicia Sánchez-Gómez, María Cruz Verdugo-Castro, Sonia |
| author_facet | Verdugo-Castro, Sonia García-Holgado, Alicia Sánchez-Gómez, María Cruz |
| author_role | author |
| collection | GREDOS. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Salamanca |
| description | [EN] The development of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) requires more qualified professionals in these fields. However, gender segregation in higher education in this sector is creating a gender gap that means that for some disciplines female representation does not even reach 30% of the total. In order to propose measures to address the phenomenon, it is necessary to understand the possible causes of this issue. A systematic literature review and mapping were carried out for the study, following the PRISMA guidelines and flowchart. The research questions to be answered were (RQ1) What studies exist on the gender gap in relation to the choice of higher education in the STEM field; and (RQ2) How do gender roles and stereotypes influence decision-making related to higher education? The review of peer-reviewed scientific articles, conferences texts, books and book chapters on the European education area was applied. A total of 4571 initial results were obtained and, after the process marked by the PRISMA flowchart, the final results were reduced to 26. The results revealed that gender stereotypes are strong drivers of the gender gap in general, and the Leaky Pipeline and Stereotype Threat in particular. To narrow the gender gap, it is necessary to focus on influences from the family, the educational environment, and the peer group, as well as from the culture itself. Positive self-concept, self-efficacy, self-confidence, and self-perception need to be fostered, so that the individual chooses their studies according to their goals. |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | article |
| id | ES_a049ce57fa4be22eff7b2ccd5e09c38f |
| institution | Universidad de Salamanca (USAL) |
| instname_str | Universidad de Salamanca (USAL) |
| network_acronym_str | ES |
| network_name_str | España |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:gredos.usal.es:10366/162249 |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | CellPress |
| publisherStr | CellPress |
| reponame_str | GREDOS. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Salamanca |
| spelling | The gender gap in higher STEM studies: A systematic literature review Verdugo-Castro, Sonia García-Holgado, Alicia Sánchez-Gómez, María Cruz Gender gap STEM Gender Stereotypes Diversity Higher education 5312.04 Educación [EN] The development of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) requires more qualified professionals in these fields. However, gender segregation in higher education in this sector is creating a gender gap that means that for some disciplines female representation does not even reach 30% of the total. In order to propose measures to address the phenomenon, it is necessary to understand the possible causes of this issue. A systematic literature review and mapping were carried out for the study, following the PRISMA guidelines and flowchart. The research questions to be answered were (RQ1) What studies exist on the gender gap in relation to the choice of higher education in the STEM field; and (RQ2) How do gender roles and stereotypes influence decision-making related to higher education? The review of peer-reviewed scientific articles, conferences texts, books and book chapters on the European education area was applied. A total of 4571 initial results were obtained and, after the process marked by the PRISMA flowchart, the final results were reduced to 26. The results revealed that gender stereotypes are strong drivers of the gender gap in general, and the Leaky Pipeline and Stereotype Threat in particular. To narrow the gender gap, it is necessary to focus on influences from the family, the educational environment, and the peer group, as well as from the culture itself. Positive self-concept, self-efficacy, self-confidence, and self-perception need to be fostered, so that the individual chooses their studies according to their goals. CellPress http://hdl.handle.net/10366/162249 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.HELIYON.2022.E10300 |
| spellingShingle | The gender gap in higher STEM studies: A systematic literature review Verdugo-Castro, Sonia Gender gap STEM Gender Stereotypes Diversity Higher education 5312.04 Educación |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | The gender gap in higher STEM studies: A systematic literature review |
| title_full | The gender gap in higher STEM studies: A systematic literature review |
| title_fullStr | The gender gap in higher STEM studies: A systematic literature review |
| title_full_unstemmed | The gender gap in higher STEM studies: A systematic literature review |
| title_short | The gender gap in higher STEM studies: A systematic literature review |
| title_sort | The gender gap in higher STEM studies: A systematic literature review |
| topic | Gender gap STEM Gender Stereotypes Diversity Higher education 5312.04 Educación |
| topic_facet | Gender gap STEM Gender Stereotypes Diversity Higher education 5312.04 Educación |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10366/162249 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.HELIYON.2022.E10300 |