Diplodia tip blight (Diplodia sapinea) and site conditions shape Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) endophytic mycobiome
Diplodia sapinea (Fr.) Fuckelis is an opportunistic pathogen of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris (L.) that causes Diplodia tip blight following host stress. The factors driving its shift from endophyte to pathogen are not well understood, particularly in relation to the surrounding fungal community. The...
| Authors: | ; ; ; ; ; ; |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Status: | Published version |
| Publication date: | 2025 |
| Country: | España |
| Institution: | Universitat de Lleida (UdL) |
| Repository: | Repositori Obert UdL |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/468190 |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122781 https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/468190 |
| Access Level: | Open access |
| Keyword: | Crown dieback Endophytic fungal community Metabarcoding |
| _version_ | 1878737064119238656 |
|---|---|
| author | Brodde, Laura |
| author2 | Miñana-Posada, Silvia Tudoran, Amelia Angel Redondo, Miguel Elfstrand, Malin Oliva Palau, Jonàs Stenlid, Jan |
| author2_role | author author author author author author |
| author_browse | Angel Redondo, Miguel Brodde, Laura Elfstrand, Malin Miñana-Posada, Silvia Oliva Palau, Jonàs Stenlid, Jan Tudoran, Amelia |
| author_facet | Brodde, Laura Miñana-Posada, Silvia Tudoran, Amelia Angel Redondo, Miguel Elfstrand, Malin Oliva Palau, Jonàs Stenlid, Jan |
| author_role | author |
| collection | Repositori Obert UdL |
| description | Diplodia sapinea (Fr.) Fuckelis is an opportunistic pathogen of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris (L.) that causes Diplodia tip blight following host stress. The factors driving its shift from endophyte to pathogen are not well understood, particularly in relation to the surrounding fungal community. The objective of the current study was to determine the association of D. sapinea and the composition of the general endophyte community with symptomatic and asymptomatic sites, trees, twigs and tissues in an ongoing outbreak of Diplodia tip blight. The endophytic fungal community was characterized using metabarcoding of the ribosomal ITS2 region. We found that variation in fungal community composition was most influenced by differences between sites, highlighting the importance of site-specific environmental conditions such as previous drought impact and associated crown dieback. However, the fungal communities also varied between symptomatic and asymptomatic trees indicating the significance of tree health. The fungal communities of symptomatic trees, especially in twigs with tip blight symptoms, included D. sapinea, Therrya pini, and Lophodermium arboricola. These results are consistent with the balanced antagonism hypothesis, suggesting that shifts in community composition under stress may facilitate the transition of D. sapinea from a latent endophyte to a pathogen. D. sapinea was found in both healthy and symptomatic twigs, with a ∼60-fold increase in symptomatic tissues. Site differences accounted for 42.6 % of fungal community variation. In contrast, taxa from the order Phaothecales were more abundant in asymptomatic twigs and in healthy tissues of of symptomatic twigs - suggesting potential antagonism. Our findings provide insights into early disease detection and underscore the importance of monitoring endophyte community shifts to support Scots pine forest resilience under climate stress. |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | article |
| id | ES_99efe79ef67d3b5f36afe0ec61ca4e32 |
| institution | Universitat de Lleida (UdL) |
| instname_str | Universitat de Lleida (UdL) |
| network_acronym_str | ES |
| network_name_str | España |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/468190 |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| publisherStr | Elsevier |
| reponame_str | Repositori Obert UdL |
| spelling | Diplodia tip blight (Diplodia sapinea) and site conditions shape Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) endophytic mycobiome Brodde, Laura Miñana-Posada, Silvia Tudoran, Amelia Angel Redondo, Miguel Elfstrand, Malin Oliva Palau, Jonàs Stenlid, Jan Crown dieback Endophytic fungal community Metabarcoding Diplodia sapinea (Fr.) Fuckelis is an opportunistic pathogen of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris (L.) that causes Diplodia tip blight following host stress. The factors driving its shift from endophyte to pathogen are not well understood, particularly in relation to the surrounding fungal community. The objective of the current study was to determine the association of D. sapinea and the composition of the general endophyte community with symptomatic and asymptomatic sites, trees, twigs and tissues in an ongoing outbreak of Diplodia tip blight. The endophytic fungal community was characterized using metabarcoding of the ribosomal ITS2 region. We found that variation in fungal community composition was most influenced by differences between sites, highlighting the importance of site-specific environmental conditions such as previous drought impact and associated crown dieback. However, the fungal communities also varied between symptomatic and asymptomatic trees indicating the significance of tree health. The fungal communities of symptomatic trees, especially in twigs with tip blight symptoms, included D. sapinea, Therrya pini, and Lophodermium arboricola. These results are consistent with the balanced antagonism hypothesis, suggesting that shifts in community composition under stress may facilitate the transition of D. sapinea from a latent endophyte to a pathogen. D. sapinea was found in both healthy and symptomatic twigs, with a ∼60-fold increase in symptomatic tissues. Site differences accounted for 42.6 % of fungal community variation. In contrast, taxa from the order Phaothecales were more abundant in asymptomatic twigs and in healthy tissues of of symptomatic twigs - suggesting potential antagonism. Our findings provide insights into early disease detection and underscore the importance of monitoring endophyte community shifts to support Scots pine forest resilience under climate stress. The authors are grateful for field assistance from Maria Jonsson and Hern\u00E1n Dario Capador-Barreto, logistic support from Karin W\u00E5gstr\u00F6m (Swedish Forest Agency) and SciLifeLab for the sequencing. Funding was provided by a grant from The Swedish research council FORMAS (grant number 2017\u201300626 ) to JS and T4F to ME. JO contribution was partly funded by Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities MICIU of Spain (grant number PID2021\u2013127328OB-I00). Elsevier https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122781 https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/468190 |
| spellingShingle | Diplodia tip blight (Diplodia sapinea) and site conditions shape Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) endophytic mycobiome Brodde, Laura Crown dieback Endophytic fungal community Metabarcoding |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Diplodia tip blight (Diplodia sapinea) and site conditions shape Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) endophytic mycobiome |
| title_full | Diplodia tip blight (Diplodia sapinea) and site conditions shape Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) endophytic mycobiome |
| title_fullStr | Diplodia tip blight (Diplodia sapinea) and site conditions shape Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) endophytic mycobiome |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diplodia tip blight (Diplodia sapinea) and site conditions shape Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) endophytic mycobiome |
| title_short | Diplodia tip blight (Diplodia sapinea) and site conditions shape Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) endophytic mycobiome |
| title_sort | Diplodia tip blight (Diplodia sapinea) and site conditions shape Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) endophytic mycobiome |
| topic | Crown dieback Endophytic fungal community Metabarcoding |
| topic_facet | Crown dieback Endophytic fungal community Metabarcoding |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122781 https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/468190 |