Agnostic envelope linearization of dynamically supplied power amplifiers for mobile terminals
This paper presents an envelope linearization technique to compensate for the nonlinear distortion of envelope tracking (ET) power amplifiers (PAs) for 5G new radio (NR) mobile terminals. The proposed envelope optimization (EOPT) method is agnostic of the nonlinear distortion generated in the envelo...
| Autores: | ; ; |
|---|---|
| Tipo de documento: | Artículo |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2022 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| Repositorio: | UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/370316 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/2117/370316 https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22103773 |
| Nivel de acceso: | Acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Power amplifiers Digital predistortion Envelope tracking Power amplifier RF leakage Amplificadors de potència Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació |
| _version_ | 1878735423805587456 |
|---|---|
| author | Li, Wantao|||0000-0002-2634-6742 |
| author2 | Montoro López, Gabriel|||0000-0002-1328-4175 Gilabert Pinal, Pere Lluís|||0000-0001-6183-6977 |
| author2_role | author author |
| author_browse | Gilabert Pinal, Pere Lluís|||0000-0001-6183-6977 Li, Wantao|||0000-0002-2634-6742 Montoro López, Gabriel|||0000-0002-1328-4175 |
| author_facet | Li, Wantao|||0000-0002-2634-6742 Montoro López, Gabriel|||0000-0002-1328-4175 Gilabert Pinal, Pere Lluís|||0000-0001-6183-6977 |
| author_role | author |
| collection | UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| description | This paper presents an envelope linearization technique to compensate for the nonlinear distortion of envelope tracking (ET) power amplifiers (PAs) for 5G new radio (NR) mobile terminals. The proposed envelope optimization (EOPT) method is agnostic of the nonlinear distortion generated in the envelope supply path and can compensate for the nonlinear distortion at the ET PA output without the need to monitor the output at the envelope tracking modulator (ETM). The linearization system in the envelope path is based on the envelope generalized memory polynomial (EGMP) behavioral model. Since the ETM output is not available, an iterative nonlinear least squares solution inspired in the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) algorithm is proposed to extract the coefficients of the EGMP model. The EOPT method is validated on a system-on-chip (SoC) ET PA board designed for mobile terminal applications. Experimental results show the suitability of the proposed method to guarantee the linearity requirements (i.e., adjacent channel power ratio below -36 dBc) with 16.8% of power efficiency when operating the ET PA with 5G new radio test signals of 60 MHz bandwidth operating at 2.55 GHz (band 7). The linearization performance of the proposed EOPT method is comparable to the envelope leakage cancellation (ELC) approach (but saving the need for an analog to digital converter to monitor the ETM output), and can outperform a conventional I-Q digital predistorter based on the generalized memory polynomial (GMP) behavioral model. |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | article |
| id | ES_7c6ac410dbd559e3e2eed40fd0dce4e2 |
| institution | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| instname_str | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| language | eng |
| network_acronym_str | ES |
| network_name_str | España |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/370316 |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) |
| publisherStr | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) |
| reponame_str | UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| spelling | Agnostic envelope linearization of dynamically supplied power amplifiers for mobile terminals Li, Wantao|||0000-0002-2634-6742 Montoro López, Gabriel|||0000-0002-1328-4175 Gilabert Pinal, Pere Lluís|||0000-0001-6183-6977 Power amplifiers Digital predistortion Envelope tracking Power amplifier RF leakage Amplificadors de potència Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació This paper presents an envelope linearization technique to compensate for the nonlinear distortion of envelope tracking (ET) power amplifiers (PAs) for 5G new radio (NR) mobile terminals. The proposed envelope optimization (EOPT) method is agnostic of the nonlinear distortion generated in the envelope supply path and can compensate for the nonlinear distortion at the ET PA output without the need to monitor the output at the envelope tracking modulator (ETM). The linearization system in the envelope path is based on the envelope generalized memory polynomial (EGMP) behavioral model. Since the ETM output is not available, an iterative nonlinear least squares solution inspired in the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) algorithm is proposed to extract the coefficients of the EGMP model. The EOPT method is validated on a system-on-chip (SoC) ET PA board designed for mobile terminal applications. Experimental results show the suitability of the proposed method to guarantee the linearity requirements (i.e., adjacent channel power ratio below -36 dBc) with 16.8% of power efficiency when operating the ET PA with 5G new radio test signals of 60 MHz bandwidth operating at 2.55 GHz (band 7). The linearization performance of the proposed EOPT method is comparable to the envelope leakage cancellation (ELC) approach (but saving the need for an analog to digital converter to monitor the ETM output), and can outperform a conventional I-Q digital predistorter based on the generalized memory polynomial (GMP) behavioral model. This research was funded by Huawei Technologies from July 2020 to August 2021; and supported in part by the project PID2020-113832RB-C21 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/50110001103 and in part by the Government of Catalonia and the European Social Fund under Grant 2021-FI-B-137. Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) https://hdl.handle.net/2117/370316 https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22103773 |
| spellingShingle | Agnostic envelope linearization of dynamically supplied power amplifiers for mobile terminals Li, Wantao|||0000-0002-2634-6742 Power amplifiers Digital predistortion Envelope tracking Power amplifier RF leakage Amplificadors de potència Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació |
| title | Agnostic envelope linearization of dynamically supplied power amplifiers for mobile terminals |
| title_full | Agnostic envelope linearization of dynamically supplied power amplifiers for mobile terminals |
| title_fullStr | Agnostic envelope linearization of dynamically supplied power amplifiers for mobile terminals |
| title_full_unstemmed | Agnostic envelope linearization of dynamically supplied power amplifiers for mobile terminals |
| title_short | Agnostic envelope linearization of dynamically supplied power amplifiers for mobile terminals |
| title_sort | Agnostic envelope linearization of dynamically supplied power amplifiers for mobile terminals |
| topic | Power amplifiers Digital predistortion Envelope tracking Power amplifier RF leakage Amplificadors de potència Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació |
| topic_facet | Power amplifiers Digital predistortion Envelope tracking Power amplifier RF leakage Amplificadors de potència Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/2117/370316 https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22103773 |