Global variation in diabetes diagnosis and prevalence based on fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c

© 2023, The Author(s).Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) are both used to diagnose diabetes, but these measurements can identify different people as having diabetes. We used data from 117 population-based studies and quantified, in different world regions, the prevalence of diag...

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Authors: Zhou B.; Sheffer K.E.; Bennett J.E.; Gregg E.W.; Danaei G.; Singleton R.K.; Shaw J.E.; Mishra A.; Lhoste V.P.F.; Carrillo-Larco R.M.; Kengne A.P.; Phelps N.H.; Heap R.A.; Rayner A.W.; Stevens G.A.; Paciorek C.J.; Riley L.M.; Cowan M.J.; Savin S.; Vander Hoorn S.; Lu Y.; Pavkov M.E.; Imperatore G.; Aguilar-Salinas C.A.; Ahmad N.A.; Anjana R.M.; Davletov K.; Farzadfar F.; Gonzalez-Villalpando C.; Khang Y.-H.; Kim H.C.; Laatikainen T.; Laxmaiah A.; Mbanya J.C.N.; Narayan K.M.V.; Ramachandran A.; Wade A.N.; Zdrojewski T.; Abbasi-Kangevari M.; Rahim H.F.A.; Abu-Rmeileh N.M.; Adambekov S.; Adams R.J.; Aekplakorn W.; Agdeppa I.A.; Aghazadeh-Attari J.; Agyemang C.; Ahmadi A.; Ahmadi N.; Ahmed S.H.; Ajlouni K.; Al-Hinai H.; Al-Lahou B.; Al-Lawati J.A.; Asfoor D.A.; Al Qaoud N.M.; Alarouj M.; AlBuhairan F.; AlDhukair S.; Aldwairji M.A.; Ali M.M.; Alinezhad F.; Alkandari A.; Alomirah H.F.; Aly E.; Amarapurkar D.N.; Andersen L.B.; Anderssen S.A.; Andrade D.S.; Ansari-Moghaddam A.; Aounallah-Skhiri H.; Aris T.; Arlappa N.; Aryal K.K.; Assah F.K.; Assembekov B.; Auvinen J.; Avdicova M.; Azad K.; Azimi-Nezhad M.; Azizi F.; Bacopoulou F.; Balakrishna N.; Bamoshmoosh M.; Banach M.; Bandosz P.; Banegas J.R.; Barbagallo C.M.; Barcelo A.; Baretic M.; Barrera L.; Basit A.; Batieha A.M.; Batista A.P.; Baur L.A.; Belavendra A.; Ben Romdhane H.; Benet M.; Berkinbayev S.; Bernabe-Ortiz A.; Berrios Carrasola X.; Bettiol H.; Beybey A.F.; Bhargava S.K.; Bika Lele E.C.; Bikbov M.M.; Bista B.; Bjerregaard P.; Bjertness E.; Bjertness M.B.; Bjorkelund C.; Bloch K.V.; Blokstra A.; Bo S.; Bobak M.; Boggia J.G.; Bonaccio M.; Bonilla-Vargas A.; Borghs H.; Bovet P.; Brajkovich I.; Brenner H.; Brewster L.M.; Brian G.R.; Briceno Y.; Brito M.; Bugge A.; Buntinx F.; Cabrera de Leon A.; Caixeta R.B.; Can G.; Candido A.P.C.; Capanzana M.V.; Capkova N.; Capuano E.; Capuano R.; Capuano V.; Cardoso V.C.; Carlsson A.C.; Casanueva F.F.; Censi L.; Cervantes-Loaiza M.; Chamnan P.; Chamukuttan S.; Chan Q.; Charchar F.J.; Chaturvedi N.; Chen H.; Cheraghian B.; Chirlaque M.-D.; Chudek J.; Cifkova R.; Cirillo M.; Claessens F.; Cohen E.; Concin H.; Cooper C.; Costanzo S.; Cowell C.; Crujeiras A.B.; Cruz J.J.; Cureau F.V.; Cuschieri S.; D'Arrigo G.; d'Orsi E.; Dallongeville J.; Damasceno A.; Dastgiri S.; De Curtis A.; de Gaetano G.; De Henauw S.; Deepa M.; DeGennaro V.; Demarest S.; Dennison E.; Deschamps V.; Dhimal M.; Dika Z.; Djalalinia S.; Donfrancesco C.; Dong G.; Dorobantu M.; Dorr M.; Dragano N.; Drygas W.; Du Y.; Duante C.A.; Duboz P.; Dushpanova A.; Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E.; Ebrahimi N.; Eddie R.; Eftekhar E.; Efthymiou V.; Egbagbe E.E.; Eghtesad S.; El-Khateeb M.; El Ati J.; Eldemire-Shearer D.; Elosua R.; Enang O.; Erasmus R.T.; Erbel R.; Erem C.; Ergor G.; Eriksen L.; Eriksson J.G.; Esmaeili A.; Evans R.G.; Fakhradiyev I.; Fall C.H.; Faramarzi E.; Farjam M.; Farzi Y.; Fattahi M.R.; Fawwad A.; Felix-Redondo F.J.; Ferguson T.S.; Fernandez-Berges D.; Ferrari M.; Ferreccio, Catterina; Ferreira H.S.; Ferrer E.; Feskens E.J.M.; Flood D.; Forsner M.; Fosse S.; Fottrell E.F.; Fouad H.M.; Francis D.K.; Frontera G.; Furusawa T.; Gaciong Z.; Garnett S.P.; Gasull M.; Gazzinelli A.; Gehring U.; Ghaderi E.; Ghamari S.-H.; Ghanbari A.; Ghasemi E.; Gheorghe-Fronea O.-F.; Ghimire A.; Gialluisi A.; Giampaoli S.; Gianfagna F.; Gill T.K.; Gironella G.; Giwercman A.; Goltzman D.; Gomula A.; Goncalves H.; Goncalves M.; Gonzalez-Chica D.A.; Gonzalez-Gross M.; Gonzalez-Rivas J.P.; Gonzalez-Villalpando M.-E.; Gonzalez A.R.; Gottrand F.; Grafnetter D.; Grodzicki T.; Grontved A.; Guerrero R.; Gujral U.P.; Gupta R.; Gutierrez L.; Gwee X.; Haghshenas R.; Hakimi H.; Hambleton I.R.; Hamzeh B.; Hanekom W.A.; Hange D.; Hantunen S.; Hao J.; Hari Kumar R.; Harooni J.; Hashemi-Shahri S.M.; Hata J.; Heidemann C.; Henrique R.S.; Herrala S.; Herzig K.-H.; Heshmat R.; Ho S.Y.; Holdsworth M.; Homayounfar R.; Hopman W.M.; Horimoto A.R.V.R.; Hormiga C.; Horta B.L.; Houti L.; Howitt C.; Htay T.T.; Htet A.S.; Htike M.M.T.; Huerta J.M.; Huhtaniemi I.T.; Huisman M.; Husseini A.; Huybrechts I.; Iacoviello L.; Iakupova E.M.; Iannone A.G.; Ibrahim Wong N.; Ijoma C.; Irazola V.E.; Ishida T.; Isiguzo G.C.; Islam S.M.S.; Islek D.; Ittermann T.; Iwasaki M.; Jaaskelainen T.; Jacobs J.M.; Jaddou H.Y.; Jadoul M.; Jallow B.; James K.; Jamil K.M.; Janus E.; Jarvelin M.-R.; Jasienska G.; Jelakovic A.; Jelakovic B.; Jennings G.; Jha A.K.; Jimenez R.O.; Jockel K.-H.; Jokelainen J.J.; Jonas J.B.; Joshi P.; Josipovic J.; Joukar F.; Jozwiak J.; Kafatos A.; Kajantie E.O.; Kalmatayeva Z.; Karki K.B.; Katibeh M.; Kauhanen J.; Kazakbaeva G.M.; Kaze F.F.; Ke C.; Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi S.; Kelishadi R.; Keramati M.; Kersting M.; Khader Y.S.; Khaledifar A.; Khalili D.; Kheiri B.; Kheradmand M.; Khosravi A.; Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U.; Kiechl S.J.; Kiechl S.; Kingston A.; Klakk H.; Klanova J.; Knoflach M.; Kolsteren P.; Konig J.; Korpelainen R.; Korrovits P.; Kos J.; Koskinen S.; Kowlessur S.; Koziel S.; Kriemler S.; Kristensen P.L.; Kromhout D.; Kubinova R.; Kujala U.M.; Kulimbet M.; Kurjata P.; Kyobutungi C.; La Q.N.; Labadarios D.; Lachat C.; Laid Y.; Lall L.; Lankila T.; Lanska V.; Lappas G.; Larijani B.; Latt T.S.; Laurenzi M.; Lehmann N.; Lehtimaki T.; Lemogoum D.; Leung G.M.; Li Y.; Lima-Costa M.F.; Lin H.-H.; Lind L.; Lissner L.; Liu X.; Lopez-Garcia E.; Lopez T.; Lozano J.E.; Luksiene D.; Lundqvist A.; Lunet N.; Lustigova M.; Machado-Coelho G.L.L.; Machado-Rodrigues A.M.; Macia E.; Macieira L.M.; Madar A.A.; Maestre G.E.; Maggi S.; Magliano D.J.; Magriplis E.; Mahasampath G.; Maire B.; Makdisse M.; Malekpour M.-R.; Malekzadeh F.; Malekzadeh R.; Mallikharjuna Rao K.; Malyutina S.; Maniego L.V.; Manios Y.; Mannix M.I.; Mansour-Ghanaei F.; Manzato E.; Margozzini P.; Marino J.; Marques L.P.; Martorell R.; Mascarenhas L.P.; Masinaei M.; Mathiesen E.B.; Matsha T.E.; Mc Donald Posso A.J.; McFarlane S.R.; McGarvey S.T.; Mediene Benchekor S.; Mehlig K.; Mehrparvar A.H.; Melgarejo J.D.; Mendez F.; Menezes A.M.B.; Mereke A.; Meshram I.I.; Meto D.T.; Minderico C.S.; Mini G.K.; Miquel, Juan Francisco; Miranda J.J.; Mirjalili M.R.; Modesti P.A.; Moghaddam S.S.; Mohamed M.K.; Mohammad K.; Mohammadi M.R.; Mohammadi Z.; Mohammadifard N.; Mohammadpourhodki R.; Mohan V.; Mohd Yusoff M.F.; Mohebbi I.; Moller N.C.; Molnar D.; Momenan A.; Mondo C.K.; Montenegro Mendoza R.A.; Monterrubio-Flores E.; Moosazadeh M.; Moradpour F.; Morejon A.; Moreno L.A.; Morgan K.; Morin S.N.; Moslem A.; Mosquera M.; Mossakowska M.; Mostafa A.; Mostafavi S.-A.; Motlagh M.E.; Motta J.; Msyamboza K.P.; Mu T.T.; Muiesan M.L.; Mursu J.; Musa K.I.; Mustafa N.; Muyer M.T.M.C.; Nabipour I.; Nagel G.; Naidu B.M.; Najafi F.; Namesna J.; Nangia V.B.; Naseri T.; Neelapaichit N.; Nejatizadeh A.; Nenko I.; Nervi, Flavio; Ng T.P.; Nguyen C.T.; Nguyen Q.N.; Ni M.Y.; Nie P.; Nieto-Martinez R.E.; Ninomiya T.; Noale M.; Noboa O.A.; Noto D.; Nsour M.A.; Nuhoglu I.; O'Neill T.W.; Odili A.N.; Oh K.; Ohtsuka R.; Omar M.A.; Onat A.; Ong S.K.; Onodugo O.; Ordunez P.; Ornelas R.; Ortiz P.J.; Osmond C.; Ostovar A.; Otero J.A.; Ottendahl C.B.; Otu A.; Owusu-Dabo E.; Palmieri L.; Pan W.-H.; Panda-Jonas S.; Panza F.; Paoli M.; Park S.; Parsaeian M.; Patel N.D.; Pechlaner R.; Pecin I.; Pedro J.M.; Peixoto S.V.; Peltonen M.; Pereira A.C.; Pessoa dos Prazeres T.M.; Peykari N.; Phall M.C.; Pham S.T.; Phan H.H.; Pichardo R.N.; Pikhart H.; Pilav A.; Piler P.; Pitakaka F.; Piwonska A.; Pizarro A.N.; Plans-Rubio P.; Plata S.; Porta M.; Poudyal A.; Pourfarzi F.; Pourshams A.; Poustchi H.; Pradeepa R.; Providencia R.; Puder J.J.; Puhakka S.; Punab M.; Qorbani M.; Quintana H.K.; Quoc Bao T.; Rahimikazerooni S.; Raitakari O.; Ramirez-Zea M.; Ramke J.; Ramos R.; Rampal L.; Rampal S.; Rangel Reina D.A.; Rashidi M.-M.; Redon J.; Renner J.D.P.; Reuter C.P.; Revilla L.; Rezaei N.; Rezaianzadeh A.; Rigo F.; Roa R.G.; Robinson L.; Rodriguez-Artalejo F.; Rodriguez-Perez M.C.; Rodriguez-Villamizar L.A.; Rodriguez A.Y.; Roggenbuck U.; Rohloff P.; Romeo E.L.; Rosengren A.; Rubinstein A.; Rust P.; Rutkowski M.; Sabbaghi H.; Sachdev H.S.; Sadjadi A.; Safarpour A.R.; Safi S.; Safiri S.; Saghi M.H.; Saidi O.; Saki N.; Salaj S.; Salanave B.; Salonen J.T.; Salvetti M.; Sanchez-Abanto J.; Santos D.A.; Santos L.C.; Santos M.P.; Santos T.R.; Saramies J.L.; Sardinha L.B.; Sarrafzadegan N.; Saum K.-U.; Sbaraini M.; Scazufca M.; Schaan B.D.; Scheidt-Nave C.; Schipf S.; Schmidt C.O.; Schottker B.; Schramm S.; Sebert S.; Sedaghattalab M.; Sein A.A.; Sepanlou S.G.; Sewpaul R.; Shamah-Levy T.; Shamshirgaran S.M.; Sharafkhah M.; Sharma S.K.; Sharman A.; Shayanrad A.; Shayesteh A.A.; Shimizu-Furusawa H.; Shiri R.; Shrestha N.; Si-Ramlee K.; Silva D.A.S.; Simon M.; Simons J.; Simons L.A.; Sjostrom M.; Slowikowska-Hilczer J.; Slusarczyk P.; Smeeth L.; Sobngwi E.; Soderberg S.; Soemantri A.; Sofat R.; Solfrizzi V.; Somi M.H.; Soumare A.; Sousa-Poza A.; Sparrenberger K.; Staessen J.A.; Stavreski B.; Steene-Johannessen J.; Stehle P.; Stein A.D.; Stessman J.; Stokwiszewski J.; Stronks K.; Suarez-Ortegon M.F.; Suebsamran P.; Sundstrom J.; Suriyawongpaisal P.; Sylva R.C.; Szklo M.; Tamosiunas A.; Tarawneh M.R.; Tarqui-Mamani C.B.; Taylor A.; Taylor J.; Tello T.; Thankappan K.R.; Theobald H.; Theodoridis X.; Thomas N.; Thrift A.G.; Timmermans E.J.; Tjandrarini D.H.; Tolonen H.K.; Tolstrup J.S.; Tomaszewski M.; Topbas M.; Torres-Collado L.; Traissac P.; Triantafyllou A.; Tuitele J.; Tuliakova A.M.; Tulloch-Reid M.K.; Tuomainen T.-P.; Tzala E.; Tzourio C.; Ueda P.; Ugel E.; Ukoli F.A.M.; Ulmer H.; Uusitalo H.M.T.; Valdivia, Gonzalo; Van den Born B.-J.; Van der Heyden J.; Van Minh H.; Van Rossem L.; Van Schoor N.M.; Van Valkengoed I.G.M.; Van Zutphen E.M.; Vanderschueren D.; Vanuzzo D.; Vasan S.K.; Vega T.; Velasquez-Melendez G.; Verstraeten R.; Viet L.; Villalpando S.; Vioque J.; Virtanen J.K.; Viswanathan B.; Voutilainen A.; Wan Bebakar W.M.; Wan Mohamud W.N.; Wang C.; Wang N.; Wang Q.; Wang Y.X.; Wang Y.-W.; Wannamethee S.G.; Webster-Kerr K.; Wedderkopp N.; Wei W.; Westbury L.D.; Whincup P.H.; Widhalm K.; Widyahening I.S.; Wiecek A.; Wilks R.J.; Willeit J.; Willeit P.; Wilsgaard T.; Wojtyniak B.; Wong A.; Wong E.B.; Woodward M.; Wu F.C.; Xu H.; Xu L.; Yaacob N.A.; Yan L.; Yan W.; Yoosefi M.; Yoshihara A.; Younger-Coleman N.O.; Yu Y.-L.; Yu Y.; Yusoff A.F.; Zainuddin A.A.; Zamani F.; Zambon S.; Zampelas A.; Zaw K.K.; Zeljkovic Vrkic T.; Zeng Y.; Zhang Z.-Y.; Zholdin B.; Zimmet P.; Zitt E.; Zoghlami N.; Zuniga Cisneros J.; Ezzati M.
Format: Article
Status:Published version
Publication date:2023
Country:Chile
Institution:Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Repository:Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.uc.cl:11534/87431
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02610-2
https://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/87431
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:610
Medicina y salud
03 Good health and well-being
03 Salud y bienestar
_version_ 1879186944129236992
author Zhou B.
author2 Sheffer K.E.
Bennett J.E.
Gregg E.W.
Danaei G.
Singleton R.K.
Shaw J.E.
Mishra A.
Lhoste V.P.F.
Carrillo-Larco R.M.
Kengne A.P.
Phelps N.H.
Heap R.A.
Rayner A.W.
Stevens G.A.
Paciorek C.J.
Riley L.M.
Cowan M.J.
Savin S.
Vander Hoorn S.
Lu Y.
Pavkov M.E.
Imperatore G.
Aguilar-Salinas C.A.
Ahmad N.A.
Anjana R.M.
Davletov K.
Farzadfar F.
Gonzalez-Villalpando C.
Khang Y.-H.
Kim H.C.
Laatikainen T.
Laxmaiah A.
Mbanya J.C.N.
Narayan K.M.V.
Ramachandran A.
Wade A.N.
Zdrojewski T.
Abbasi-Kangevari M.
Rahim H.F.A.
Abu-Rmeileh N.M.
Adambekov S.
Adams R.J.
Aekplakorn W.
Agdeppa I.A.
Aghazadeh-Attari J.
Agyemang C.
Ahmadi A.
Ahmadi N.
Ahmed S.H.
Ajlouni K.
Al-Hinai H.
Al-Lahou B.
Al-Lawati J.A.
Asfoor D.A.
Al Qaoud N.M.
Alarouj M.
AlBuhairan F.
AlDhukair S.
Aldwairji M.A.
Ali M.M.
Alinezhad F.
Alkandari A.
Alomirah H.F.
Aly E.
Amarapurkar D.N.
Andersen L.B.
Anderssen S.A.
Andrade D.S.
Ansari-Moghaddam A.
Aounallah-Skhiri H.
Aris T.
Arlappa N.
Aryal K.K.
Assah F.K.
Assembekov B.
Auvinen J.
Avdicova M.
Azad K.
Azimi-Nezhad M.
Azizi F.
Bacopoulou F.
Balakrishna N.
Bamoshmoosh M.
Banach M.
Bandosz P.
Banegas J.R.
Barbagallo C.M.
Barcelo A.
Baretic M.
Barrera L.
Basit A.
Batieha A.M.
Batista A.P.
Baur L.A.
Belavendra A.
Ben Romdhane H.
Benet M.
Berkinbayev S.
Bernabe-Ortiz A.
Berrios Carrasola X.
Bettiol H.
Beybey A.F.
Bhargava S.K.
Bika Lele E.C.
Bikbov M.M.
Bista B.
Bjerregaard P.
Bjertness E.
Bjertness M.B.
Bjorkelund C.
Bloch K.V.
Blokstra A.
Bo S.
Bobak M.
Boggia J.G.
Bonaccio M.
Bonilla-Vargas A.
Borghs H.
Bovet P.
Brajkovich I.
Brenner H.
Brewster L.M.
Brian G.R.
Briceno Y.
Brito M.
Bugge A.
Buntinx F.
Cabrera de Leon A.
Caixeta R.B.
Can G.
Candido A.P.C.
Capanzana M.V.
Capkova N.
Capuano E.
Capuano R.
Capuano V.
Cardoso V.C.
Carlsson A.C.
Casanueva F.F.
Censi L.
Cervantes-Loaiza M.
Chamnan P.
Chamukuttan S.
Chan Q.
Charchar F.J.
Chaturvedi N.
Chen H.
Cheraghian B.
Chirlaque M.-D.
Chudek J.
Cifkova R.
Cirillo M.
Claessens F.
Cohen E.
Concin H.
Cooper C.
Costanzo S.
Cowell C.
Crujeiras A.B.
Cruz J.J.
Cureau F.V.
Cuschieri S.
D'Arrigo G.
d'Orsi E.
Dallongeville J.
Damasceno A.
Dastgiri S.
De Curtis A.
de Gaetano G.
De Henauw S.
Deepa M.
DeGennaro V.
Demarest S.
Dennison E.
Deschamps V.
Dhimal M.
Dika Z.
Djalalinia S.
Donfrancesco C.
Dong G.
Dorobantu M.
Dorr M.
Dragano N.
Drygas W.
Du Y.
Duante C.A.
Duboz P.
Dushpanova A.
Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E.
Ebrahimi N.
Eddie R.
Eftekhar E.
Efthymiou V.
Egbagbe E.E.
Eghtesad S.
El-Khateeb M.
El Ati J.
Eldemire-Shearer D.
Elosua R.
Enang O.
Erasmus R.T.
Erbel R.
Erem C.
Ergor G.
Eriksen L.
Eriksson J.G.
Esmaeili A.
Evans R.G.
Fakhradiyev I.
Fall C.H.
Faramarzi E.
Farjam M.
Farzi Y.
Fattahi M.R.
Fawwad A.
Felix-Redondo F.J.
Ferguson T.S.
Fernandez-Berges D.
Ferrari M.
Ferreccio, Catterina
Ferreira H.S.
Ferrer E.
Feskens E.J.M.
Flood D.
Forsner M.
Fosse S.
Fottrell E.F.
Fouad H.M.
Francis D.K.
Frontera G.
Furusawa T.
Gaciong Z.
Garnett S.P.
Gasull M.
Gazzinelli A.
Gehring U.
Ghaderi E.
Ghamari S.-H.
Ghanbari A.
Ghasemi E.
Gheorghe-Fronea O.-F.
Ghimire A.
Gialluisi A.
Giampaoli S.
Gianfagna F.
Gill T.K.
Gironella G.
Giwercman A.
Goltzman D.
Gomula A.
Goncalves H.
Goncalves M.
Gonzalez-Chica D.A.
Gonzalez-Gross M.
Gonzalez-Rivas J.P.
Gonzalez-Villalpando M.-E.
Gonzalez A.R.
Gottrand F.
Grafnetter D.
Grodzicki T.
Grontved A.
Guerrero R.
Gujral U.P.
Gupta R.
Gutierrez L.
Gwee X.
Haghshenas R.
Hakimi H.
Hambleton I.R.
Hamzeh B.
Hanekom W.A.
Hange D.
Hantunen S.
Hao J.
Hari Kumar R.
Harooni J.
Hashemi-Shahri S.M.
Hata J.
Heidemann C.
Henrique R.S.
Herrala S.
Herzig K.-H.
Heshmat R.
Ho S.Y.
Holdsworth M.
Homayounfar R.
Hopman W.M.
Horimoto A.R.V.R.
Hormiga C.
Horta B.L.
Houti L.
Howitt C.
Htay T.T.
Htet A.S.
Htike M.M.T.
Huerta J.M.
Huhtaniemi I.T.
Huisman M.
Husseini A.
Huybrechts I.
Iacoviello L.
Iakupova E.M.
Iannone A.G.
Ibrahim Wong N.
Ijoma C.
Irazola V.E.
Ishida T.
Isiguzo G.C.
Islam S.M.S.
Islek D.
Ittermann T.
Iwasaki M.
Jaaskelainen T.
Jacobs J.M.
Jaddou H.Y.
Jadoul M.
Jallow B.
James K.
Jamil K.M.
Janus E.
Jarvelin M.-R.
Jasienska G.
Jelakovic A.
Jelakovic B.
Jennings G.
Jha A.K.
Jimenez R.O.
Jockel K.-H.
Jokelainen J.J.
Jonas J.B.
Joshi P.
Josipovic J.
Joukar F.
Jozwiak J.
Kafatos A.
Kajantie E.O.
Kalmatayeva Z.
Karki K.B.
Katibeh M.
Kauhanen J.
Kazakbaeva G.M.
Kaze F.F.
Ke C.
Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi S.
Kelishadi R.
Keramati M.
Kersting M.
Khader Y.S.
Khaledifar A.
Khalili D.
Kheiri B.
Kheradmand M.
Khosravi A.
Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U.
Kiechl S.J.
Kiechl S.
Kingston A.
Klakk H.
Klanova J.
Knoflach M.
Kolsteren P.
Konig J.
Korpelainen R.
Korrovits P.
Kos J.
Koskinen S.
Kowlessur S.
Koziel S.
Kriemler S.
Kristensen P.L.
Kromhout D.
Kubinova R.
Kujala U.M.
Kulimbet M.
Kurjata P.
Kyobutungi C.
La Q.N.
Labadarios D.
Lachat C.
Laid Y.
Lall L.
Lankila T.
Lanska V.
Lappas G.
Larijani B.
Latt T.S.
Laurenzi M.
Lehmann N.
Lehtimaki T.
Lemogoum D.
Leung G.M.
Li Y.
Lima-Costa M.F.
Lin H.-H.
Lind L.
Lissner L.
Liu X.
Lopez-Garcia E.
Lopez T.
Lozano J.E.
Luksiene D.
Lundqvist A.
Lunet N.
Lustigova M.
Machado-Coelho G.L.L.
Machado-Rodrigues A.M.
Macia E.
Macieira L.M.
Madar A.A.
Maestre G.E.
Maggi S.
Magliano D.J.
Magriplis E.
Mahasampath G.
Maire B.
Makdisse M.
Malekpour M.-R.
Malekzadeh F.
Malekzadeh R.
Mallikharjuna Rao K.
Malyutina S.
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Salonen J.T.
Salvetti M.
Sanchez-Abanto J.
Santos D.A.
Santos L.C.
Santos M.P.
Santos T.R.
Saramies J.L.
Sardinha L.B.
Sarrafzadegan N.
Saum K.-U.
Sbaraini M.
Scazufca M.
Schaan B.D.
Scheidt-Nave C.
Schipf S.
Schmidt C.O.
Schottker B.
Schramm S.
Sebert S.
Sedaghattalab M.
Sein A.A.
Sepanlou S.G.
Sewpaul R.
Shamah-Levy T.
Shamshirgaran S.M.
Sharafkhah M.
Sharma S.K.
Sharman A.
Shayanrad A.
Shayesteh A.A.
Shimizu-Furusawa H.
Shiri R.
Shrestha N.
Si-Ramlee K.
Silva D.A.S.
Simon M.
Simons J.
Simons L.A.
Sjostrom M.
Slowikowska-Hilczer J.
Slusarczyk P.
Smeeth L.
Sobngwi E.
Soderberg S.
Soemantri A.
Sofat R.
Solfrizzi V.
Somi M.H.
Soumare A.
Sousa-Poza A.
Sparrenberger K.
Staessen J.A.
Stavreski B.
Steene-Johannessen J.
Stehle P.
Stein A.D.
Stessman J.
Stokwiszewski J.
Stronks K.
Suarez-Ortegon M.F.
Suebsamran P.
Sundstrom J.
Suriyawongpaisal P.
Sylva R.C.
Szklo M.
Tamosiunas A.
Tarawneh M.R.
Tarqui-Mamani C.B.
Taylor A.
Taylor J.
Tello T.
Thankappan K.R.
Theobald H.
Theodoridis X.
Thomas N.
Thrift A.G.
Timmermans E.J.
Tjandrarini D.H.
Tolonen H.K.
Tolstrup J.S.
Tomaszewski M.
Topbas M.
Torres-Collado L.
Traissac P.
Triantafyllou A.
Tuitele J.
Tuliakova A.M.
Tulloch-Reid M.K.
Tuomainen T.-P.
Tzala E.
Tzourio C.
Ueda P.
Ugel E.
Ukoli F.A.M.
Ulmer H.
Uusitalo H.M.T.
Valdivia, Gonzalo
Van den Born B.-J.
Van der Heyden J.
Van Minh H.
Van Rossem L.
Van Schoor N.M.
Van Valkengoed I.G.M.
Van Zutphen E.M.
Vanderschueren D.
Vanuzzo D.
Vasan S.K.
Vega T.
Velasquez-Melendez G.
Verstraeten R.
Viet L.
Villalpando S.
Vioque J.
Virtanen J.K.
Viswanathan B.
Voutilainen A.
Wan Bebakar W.M.
Wan Mohamud W.N.
Wang C.
Wang N.
Wang Q.
Wang Y.X.
Wang Y.-W.
Wannamethee S.G.
Webster-Kerr K.
Wedderkopp N.
Wei W.
Westbury L.D.
Whincup P.H.
Widhalm K.
Widyahening I.S.
Wiecek A.
Wilks R.J.
Willeit J.
Willeit P.
Wilsgaard T.
Wojtyniak B.
Wong A.
Wong E.B.
Woodward M.
Wu F.C.
Xu H.
Xu L.
Yaacob N.A.
Yan L.
Yan W.
Yoosefi M.
Yoshihara A.
Younger-Coleman N.O.
Yu Y.-L.
Yu Y.
Yusoff A.F.
Zainuddin A.A.
Zamani F.
Zambon S.
Zampelas A.
Zaw K.K.
Zeljkovic Vrkic T.
Zeng Y.
Zhang Z.-Y.
Zholdin B.
Zimmet P.
Zitt E.
Zoghlami N.
Zuniga Cisneros J.
Ezzati M.
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description © 2023, The Author(s).Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) are both used to diagnose diabetes, but these measurements can identify different people as having diabetes. We used data from 117 population-based studies and quantified, in different world regions, the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes, and whether those who were previously undiagnosed and detected as having diabetes in survey screening, had elevated FPG, HbA1c or both. We developed prediction equations for estimating the probability that a person without previously diagnosed diabetes, and at a specific level of FPG, had elevated HbA1c, and vice versa. The age-standardized proportion of diabetes that was previously undiagnosed and detected in survey screening ranged from 30% in the high-income western region to 66% in south Asia. Among those with screen-detected diabetes with either test, the age-standardized proportion who had elevated levels of both FPG and HbA1c was 29–39% across regions; the remainder had discordant elevation of FPG or HbA1c. In most low- and middle-income regions, isolated elevated HbA1c was more common than isolated elevated FPG. In these regions, the use of FPG alone may delay diabetes diagnosis and underestimate diabetes prevalence. Our prediction equations help allocate finite resources for measuring HbA1c to reduce the global shortfall in diabetes diagnosis and surveillance.
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identifier_str_mv 10.1038/s41591-023-02610-2
institution Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
instname_str Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
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oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.uc.cl:11534/87431
publishDate 2023
publishDateSort 2023
publisher Nature Research
publisherStr Nature Research
reponame_str Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
spelling Global variation in diabetes diagnosis and prevalence based on fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c Zhou B. Sheffer K.E. Bennett J.E. Gregg E.W. Danaei G. Singleton R.K. Shaw J.E. Mishra A. Lhoste V.P.F. Carrillo-Larco R.M. Kengne A.P. Phelps N.H. Heap R.A. Rayner A.W. Stevens G.A. Paciorek C.J. Riley L.M. Cowan M.J. Savin S. Vander Hoorn S. Lu Y. Pavkov M.E. Imperatore G. Aguilar-Salinas C.A. Ahmad N.A. Anjana R.M. Davletov K. Farzadfar F. Gonzalez-Villalpando C. Khang Y.-H. Kim H.C. Laatikainen T. Laxmaiah A. Mbanya J.C.N. Narayan K.M.V. Ramachandran A. Wade A.N. Zdrojewski T. Abbasi-Kangevari M. Rahim H.F.A. Abu-Rmeileh N.M. Adambekov S. Adams R.J. Aekplakorn W. Agdeppa I.A. Aghazadeh-Attari J. Agyemang C. Ahmadi A. Ahmadi N. Ahmed S.H. Ajlouni K. Al-Hinai H. Al-Lahou B. Al-Lawati J.A. Asfoor D.A. Al Qaoud N.M. Alarouj M. AlBuhairan F. AlDhukair S. Aldwairji M.A. Ali M.M. Alinezhad F. Alkandari A. Alomirah H.F. Aly E. Amarapurkar D.N. Andersen L.B. Anderssen S.A. 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Lemogoum D. Leung G.M. Li Y. Lima-Costa M.F. Lin H.-H. Lind L. Lissner L. Liu X. Lopez-Garcia E. Lopez T. Lozano J.E. Luksiene D. Lundqvist A. Lunet N. Lustigova M. Machado-Coelho G.L.L. Machado-Rodrigues A.M. Macia E. Macieira L.M. Madar A.A. Maestre G.E. Maggi S. Magliano D.J. Magriplis E. Mahasampath G. Maire B. Makdisse M. Malekpour M.-R. Malekzadeh F. Malekzadeh R. Mallikharjuna Rao K. Malyutina S. Maniego L.V. Manios Y. Mannix M.I. Mansour-Ghanaei F. Manzato E. Margozzini P. Marino J. Marques L.P. Martorell R. Mascarenhas L.P. Masinaei M. Mathiesen E.B. Matsha T.E. Mc Donald Posso A.J. McFarlane S.R. McGarvey S.T. Mediene Benchekor S. Mehlig K. Mehrparvar A.H. Melgarejo J.D. Mendez F. Menezes A.M.B. Mereke A. Meshram I.I. Meto D.T. Minderico C.S. Mini G.K. Miquel, Juan Francisco Miranda J.J. Mirjalili M.R. Modesti P.A. Moghaddam S.S. Mohamed M.K. Mohammad K. Mohammadi M.R. Mohammadi Z. Mohammadifard N. Mohammadpourhodki R. Mohan V. Mohd Yusoff M.F. Mohebbi I. Moller N.C. 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Ukoli F.A.M. Ulmer H. Uusitalo H.M.T. Valdivia, Gonzalo Van den Born B.-J. Van der Heyden J. Van Minh H. Van Rossem L. Van Schoor N.M. Van Valkengoed I.G.M. Van Zutphen E.M. Vanderschueren D. Vanuzzo D. Vasan S.K. Vega T. Velasquez-Melendez G. Verstraeten R. Viet L. Villalpando S. Vioque J. Virtanen J.K. Viswanathan B. Voutilainen A. Wan Bebakar W.M. Wan Mohamud W.N. Wang C. Wang N. Wang Q. Wang Y.X. Wang Y.-W. Wannamethee S.G. Webster-Kerr K. Wedderkopp N. Wei W. Westbury L.D. Whincup P.H. Widhalm K. Widyahening I.S. Wiecek A. Wilks R.J. Willeit J. Willeit P. Wilsgaard T. Wojtyniak B. Wong A. Wong E.B. Woodward M. Wu F.C. Xu H. Xu L. Yaacob N.A. Yan L. Yan W. Yoosefi M. Yoshihara A. Younger-Coleman N.O. Yu Y.-L. Yu Y. Yusoff A.F. Zainuddin A.A. Zamani F. Zambon S. Zampelas A. Zaw K.K. Zeljkovic Vrkic T. Zeng Y. Zhang Z.-Y. Zholdin B. Zimmet P. Zitt E. Zoghlami N. Zuniga Cisneros J. Ezzati M. 610 Medicina y salud 03 Good health and well-being 03 Salud y bienestar © 2023, The Author(s).Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) are both used to diagnose diabetes, but these measurements can identify different people as having diabetes. We used data from 117 population-based studies and quantified, in different world regions, the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes, and whether those who were previously undiagnosed and detected as having diabetes in survey screening, had elevated FPG, HbA1c or both. We developed prediction equations for estimating the probability that a person without previously diagnosed diabetes, and at a specific level of FPG, had elevated HbA1c, and vice versa. The age-standardized proportion of diabetes that was previously undiagnosed and detected in survey screening ranged from 30% in the high-income western region to 66% in south Asia. Among those with screen-detected diabetes with either test, the age-standardized proportion who had elevated levels of both FPG and HbA1c was 29–39% across regions; the remainder had discordant elevation of FPG or HbA1c. In most low- and middle-income regions, isolated elevated HbA1c was more common than isolated elevated FPG. In these regions, the use of FPG alone may delay diabetes diagnosis and underestimate diabetes prevalence. Our prediction equations help allocate finite resources for measuring HbA1c to reduce the global shortfall in diabetes diagnosis and surveillance. Nature Research 10.1038/s41591-023-02610-2 1546-170X SCOPUS_ID:85176735771 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02610-2 https://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/87431 WOS:001103103800003
spellingShingle Global variation in diabetes diagnosis and prevalence based on fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c
Zhou B.
610
Medicina y salud
03 Good health and well-being
03 Salud y bienestar
status_str publishedVersion
title Global variation in diabetes diagnosis and prevalence based on fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c
title_full Global variation in diabetes diagnosis and prevalence based on fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c
title_fullStr Global variation in diabetes diagnosis and prevalence based on fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c
title_full_unstemmed Global variation in diabetes diagnosis and prevalence based on fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c
title_short Global variation in diabetes diagnosis and prevalence based on fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c
title_sort Global variation in diabetes diagnosis and prevalence based on fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c
topic 610
Medicina y salud
03 Good health and well-being
03 Salud y bienestar
topic_facet 610
Medicina y salud
03 Good health and well-being
03 Salud y bienestar
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02610-2
https://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/87431